| Fault Phenomenon | Possible Causes | Treatment Methods |
|---|---|---|
| Abnormal motor speed | 1. The motor speed is too high with intense sparks. | 1. Check whether the connection between the magnetic field winding and the starter (or speed governor) is good, whether it is wrongly connected, and whether there is an open circuit inside the magnetic field winding or speed governor. |
| 2. The series - excited field winding is connected reversely. | 2. Correct the wiring. | |
| Armature smoking | 1. Long - term overload. | 1. Immediately restore normal load. |
| 2. Short - circuit of the commutator or armature. | 2. Use a millivoltmeter to check for short - circuits and whether there are metal scraps falling into the commutator or armature winding. | |
| Excessive sparking under the brushes | 1. Poor contact between the brushes and the commutator. | 1. Grind the contact surface of the brushes. |
| 2. The surface of the commutator is not smooth, round, or dirty. | 2. Clean or grind the surface of the commutator. | |
| 3. The brushes are excessively worn, or the brand and size used are incorrect. | 3. Replace the brushes with the brand and size originally used by the manufacturing company. | |
| 4. The motor base is loose, causing vibration. | 4. Tighten the base screws. | |
| 5. Uneven current distribution between the brushes. | 5. Adjust the brush spring pressure to 39 Pa/cm². If the brush brands are inconsistent, replace the brushes with the original brand and size. | |
| The motor fails to start | 1. No power supply. | 1. Check whether the circuit is intact. |
| 2. Overload. | 2. Reduce the load. | |
| 3. Poor contact of the brushes. | 3. Check whether the brush - holding spring is loose or improve the contact surface. | |
| 4. Open - circuit of the excitation circuit. | 4. Check whether the converter and the magnetic field winding are open - circuited and replace the winding. | |
| Others | 1. Leakage of the motor casing. | 1. The wire terminal touches the casing. |
| 2. The grounding device is faulty and needs to be corrected. |
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